Bicycle Exercise
Lie flat on the floor with your lower back pressed to the ground. Put your hands beside your head. Bring knees up to about 45- degree angle and slowly go through a bicycle pedal motion. Touch your left elbow to your right knee, then your right elbow to your left knee. Keep even, relaxed breathing throughout.- Lie on the floor and lace your fingers behind your head.
- Bring the knees in towards the chest and lift the shoulder blades off the floor without pulling on the neck.
- Straighten the left leg out while simultaneously turning the upper body to the right, taking the left elbow towards the right knee.
- Switch sides, bringing the right elbow towards the left knee.
- Continue alternating sides in a 'pedaling' motion for 1-3 sets of 12-16 reps.
Captain's Chair Leg Raise
The captain's chair leg raise is the second most effective move for the rectus abdominis as well as the obliques. You can do a variety of exercises on the captain's chair, which is a rack with padded arms that allows your legs to hang free and can be found in most health clubs and gyms. The key to keeping this move safe and effective is, first, to avoid swinging the legs or using momentum to bring the legs up. Second, keeping the knees bent will help you focus more on the abdominal and less on the hip flexors. (If you don't go to the gym you can also buy a pull up bar for your door and do this exercise at home same technique)- Stand on the chair and grip handholds to stabilize your upper body.
- Press your back against the pad and contract the abs to raise the legs and lift knees towards your chest.
- Don't arch the back or swing the legs up.
- Slowly lower back down and repeat for 1-3 sets of 12-16 reps.
Exercise Ball Crunch
The exercise ball is an excellent tool to strengthen the abs and is the third most effective move for targeting the rectus abdominis. What makes this move a bit more effective than crunches on the floor is that the legs are often involved in floor crunches. On the ball, the abs do more work.- Lie on the ball, positioning it under the lower back.
- Cross your arms over the chest or place them behind your head.
- Contract your abs to lift your torso off the ball, pulling the bottom of your ribcage down toward your hips.
- As you curl up, keep the ball stable (i.e., the ball shouldn't roll).
- Lower back down, getting a stretch in the abs, and repeat for 1-3 sets of 12-16 reps
Vertical Leg Crunch
The vertical leg crunch is another effective move for the rectus abdominis and the obliques.- Lie on the floor and extend the legs straight up with knees crossed.
- You can place your hands on the floor for support.
- Contract the abs to lift the shoulder blades off the floor, as though reaching your chest towards your feet.
- Keep the legs in a fixed position and imagine bringing your belly button towards your spine at the top of the movement. Lower and repeat for 1-3 sets of 12-16 reps.The vertical leg crunch is another effective move for the rectus abdominis and the obliques.
Ab Rolls on the Ball
Ab rolls are a challenging exercise that targets all the muscles of the core. This advanced move requires attention to detail to avoid straining the back. Make sure you only roll out as far as you comfortably can. If you feel any strain in the back, back off the exercise or avoid it completely.- Kneel in front of the ball and place the hands on the ball, parallel to one another and with the elbows bent.
- Contract the abs and pull the belly towards the spine.
- Slowly roll forward and out as far as you comfortably can, until the feel the abs engage. Don't go so far that you hurt your back or collapse.
- This move does not involve bending the hips, so keep them straight throughout the exercise.
- Keeping the body straight, slowly pull your body back using your arms and abdominals.
- Continue for 1-3 sets of 8-12 reps, avoiding this move if you have any back problems.
- You can change the difficult of the move by placing your hands closer in or further out.
Seated Torso Twist
The seated torso twist is a great way to target the obliques while strengthening the core and building endurance in the hip flexors. The key to keeping this move safe and effective is to keep the back straight and the chest lifted throughout the exercise rather than hunching the shoulders, which could strain the back.
- Sit holding a medicine ball with knees bent.
- Lean back slightly, engaging the abs and keeping the back straight and the chest lifted.
- Rotate to the right, touching the medicine ball to the floor next to the hip.
- Come back to center and rotate to the left.
- Repeat, alternating sides for 1-3 sets of 10-16 reps (one rep is to the right and left).
Side Bridge with Hip Drops
The side bridge is an advanced exercise, particularly if you do the move on the forearm (another option is to balance on the hand). Adding a hip lift really challenges the obliques, making this a great overall core exercise. You can modify by keeping one knee on the floor or by taking the feet wide instead of stacked on top of one another.- Lie on your side balanced on the forearm and feet.
- The hips and feet should be stacked on top of one another.
- Holding the torso steady, slowly contract your abs and lower the hip toward the floor (you don't have to touch).
- Avoid sinking into the shoulder.
- Bring the hip back up and repeat for 1-3 sets of 10-16 reps on each side.
Rotations on the Ball
This advanced move not only works the core, with a focus on the obliques, it also targets balance, stability and flexibility. To keep this move safe, keep the exercise slow and controlled and keep the knees in line with the shins and ankles rather than twisting them to one side or the other.
- Lie with ball under shoulders, neck and head, hips lifted in a bridge position.
- Hold a medicine ball or light weight straight up over the chest.
- Tighten your abs and rotate your torso to the left as far as you can, allowing the hips and legs to move naturally with the motion.
- Rotate back up and then rotate to the other side.
- Repeat for 1-3 sets of 10-16 reps (one rep includes both the right and left sides).
The woodchop is a challenging and dynamic exercise targeting the abs and back. It's a great way to strengthen the core for twisting motions like those involved in golf, baseball, or tennis. You can do this move from the bottom up (as shown) or reverse the move and do it from the top down to change things up. The key to keeping this move safe is to rotate the hips and knees in the direction you're moving and focus on contracting the abs.
- Attach one end of a resistance band to a sturdy object (such as a stair railing) near the floor.
- Hold the other end and take a few steps away to create tension on the band. You may need to loop the band around your hands several times.
- Keeping the arms straight, rotate the body and bring the arms up in a diagonal while squeezing the abs.
- Rotate the hips and knees as you turn to avoid injuring the joints.
- Rotate back and repeat for 10-16 reps before switching sides
Plank With a Leg Lift
The traditional plank exercise is an excellent stabilization exercise that involves almost every muscle in the body with a focus on the abs and back. This version involves propping the feet on a ball and lifting the legs, one at a time, to add intensity to the exercise. To modify, place the ball under the shins or upper thighs.- Place the ball under the shins or toes (harder) and the hands about shoulder-width apart on the floor.
- Contract the abs to hold the body in a straight line from head to toe.
- Keeping the abs contracted, lift the right leg off the ball a few inches, hold for a few seconds and lower. Repeat on the left leg, alternating feet for 8-16 reps on each leg.
Medicine Ball Extensions
This very advanced exercise targets multiple muscles including the abs, back, legs and arms. To try this move, you might want to prop the ball sideways against a wall for stability and begin without the medicine ball to practice your form. This move requires tremendous balance and strength. If you feel pain in your lower back, keep the arms over the chest or just slightly lowered instead of dropping them parallel to the floor.- Position the ball under upper back to engage your abs and to stabilize the hips. Prop the ball sideways against a wall for stability if needed.
- Hold a light medicine ball or dumbbell straight up over chest and make sure knees are at 90 degrees.
- Lower arms behind you while simultaneously extending the right leg straight.
- Return to start and repeat, alternating legs for 10-16 reps.
- For less challenge to balance, do the leg extension without the medicine ball.
Oblique Knee Drops
Oblique knee drops are a great way to target the obliques as well as the rectus abdominis and the back. The key to this move is to use your abs to control your legs as you lower them down and then contract them to pull them back up. Avoid arching or straining your lower back by keeping the range of motion small, only lowering the knees as far as you comfortably can. You can also try this move without a medicine ball or with a rolled up towel under the hips for more support.
- Lie in the floor with knees pulled in and bent to about 90 degrees.
- Place a medicine ball between knees and stretch arms our to the sides like an airplane, palms facing up.
- Contract the abs and lower the knees down towards the right.
- Lower the knees as low as you can without lifting the shoulders off the floor or straining your back.
- Squeeze the abs, feeling your obliques contract and draw the knees back up and go to the other side.
- Alternate sides for a total of 1-3 sets of 10-16 reps.
Ball Pikes
Ball pikes are an advanced version of the knee tucks shown previously and are very challenging. You can always modify the move by keeping the knees slightly bent or by shortening the range of motion and only lifting the hips a few inches, lifting higher as you get stronger. The key to making this move challenging is to use the abs to draw the hips up, rolling the feet on top of the ball.- Get into a pushup position with the ball under the shins/ankles (easier) or the tops of the feet (harder).
- Make sure the body is straight, back flat and the abs engaged.
- Squeeze the abs and lift the hips up towards the ceiling, rolling the feet on top of the ball.
- Keep the legs straight for more of a challenge, ending in a straight-leg pike with the toes on the ball.
- Return to start and repeat for 10-16 reps.
Knee Tucks
When choosing more advanced exercises for your abs, knee tucks are great for targeting balance, stability and, core strength. The arms and torso help stabilize your body as you draw the knees in and, at the end of the movement, give your abs an extra squeeze to intensify the challenge.
- Get into a pushup position with the ball under the shins/ankles (easier) or the tops of the feet (harder).
- Make sure the body is straight, back flat and the abs engaged.
- Roll the ball in, bending the knees towards the chest as you squeeze the abs.
- Try not to push back with your arms but, instead, keep all the movement in the knees.
- Don't collapse the back as you roll the knees in.
- Return to start and repeat for 10-16 reps.
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